Kidney Biopsy: What It Is And When It Is Needed

A kidney biopsy is a medical procedure used to collect a small tissue sample from the kidney for examination. This test helps diagnose kidney diseases, assess kidney function, and guide treatment. In Singapore, this procedure is performed to investigate unexplained kidney problems, such as blood in urine, excessive protein loss, or unexplained kidney failure. Here what you need to know about it.

>> Book A Kidney Biopsy Here <<

What Is A Kidney Biopsy?

It is a procedure that involves inserting a thin needle into the kidney to extract a tiny piece of tissue. This tissue is then analysed under a microscope to check for signs of disease, damage, or inflammation.

Doctors recommend this procedure when other tests, such as blood tests or urine tests, fail to provide a clear diagnosis. It is a crucial step in determining the best treatment plan for kidney-related conditions.

When Is It Needed?

Your nephrologist may recommend a kidney biopsy if you have:

• Blood in the urine (haematuria) – The procedure can help determine if kidney disease is causing the bleeding.
• Protein in the urine (proteinuria) – Excessive protein loss may indicate kidney disease.
• Unexplained kidney failure – If kidney function declines without a clear cause, a biopsy can provide answers.
• Kidney transplant monitoring – A biopsy helps detect early signs of rejection or complications after a kidney transplant.
• Lupus or other autoimmune conditions – These diseases can affect kidney function, and a biopsy helps in assessing damage and planning treatment.

How Is It Performed?

A kidney biopsy is a minimally invasive procedure performed under local anaesthesia. Here’s what happens during the process:

1. Preparation – The patient lies down (typically on the stomach).
2. Ultrasound Guidance – The doctor uses ultrasound imaging to locate the kidney and mark the biopsy site.
3. Local Anaesthesia – A numbing agent is applied to minimise discomfort.
4. Biopsy Needle Insertion – The doctor instructs the patient to take a deep breath and hold it while inserting a thin needle into the kidney.
5. Tissue Collection – Small pieces of kidney tissue (usually two to three) are extracted for examination.
6. Completion – The procedure takes about 30 minutes, after which the patient rests under observation.

What To Expect Before And After The Procedure

Before The Procedure:

• Blood tests are conducted to check clotting ability.
• If you take blood thinners or painkillers, you may need to stop them temporarily.
• You may be advised to have a light meal before the procedure.

After The Procedure:

• The patient is monitored for at least six hours to check for bleeding or complications.
• Mild pain or discomfort may be experienced, which can be managed with pain relief medication.
• Strenuous activities should be avoided for two weeks after the biopsy.

Risks And Complications

Kidney biopsies are generally safe, but some risks include:

• Minor bleeding (usually resolves on its own)
• Blood in urine (temporary)
• Pain at the biopsy site
• Severe bleeding requiring medical attention (rare)

Your doctor will discuss potential risks and take precautions to ensure a smooth and safe procedure.

Consult A Nephrologist Today

If you have been advised to undergo a kidney biopsy or have concerns about your renal health, consult a nephrologist. Early diagnosis and treatment can help protect kidney function and improve long-term health outcomes. Book an appointment today to get expert care for your kidneys.

.