Appendicitis - Sudden Pain, Serious Risk
Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix (a small, finger-shaped pouch connected to the large intestine). Left untreated, the appendix may rupture, causing infection to spread throughout the abdomen
Appendicitis is a common cause of sudden abdominal pain and is one of the frequent reason for surgery in Singapore. It can strike anyone, anywhere. Recognising the early signs can enable you to seek timely medical evaluation.
Appendicitis Singapore Statistics
Appendicitis affects 5% – 7% of people in Singapore, according to Singhealth. It is among the most common causes of emergency abdominal surgery locally. Of all the patients who underwent surgery for this condition in Singapore, about 95% had laparoscopic (keyhole) procedures.
What Are The Symptoms Of Appendicitis?
Common appendicitis symptoms include:
- Pain from near the belly button to the lower right abdomen
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea and vomiting
- Low-grade fever
- Bloating or constipation
- Inability to pass gas
- Increased pain when moving, coughing, or taking deep breaths
Why Should Appendicitis Not Be Ignored?
Appendicitis should not be ignored because it can rapidly progress from a manageable condition to a life-threatening emergency:
Risks Of Delayed Treatment
- Rupture and Peritonitis: If left untreated, the inflamed appendix may burst, releasing bacteria into the abdominal cavity. This can lead to peritonitis, which is a severe, and potentially fatal infection of the abdominal lining.
- Sepsis: A ruptured appendix can trigger sepsis, a systemic inflammatory response that may result in organ failure or death if not promptly managed.
- Complications in Children and Pregnant Women: Children and pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to atypical presentations and complications.
- Delayed Diagnosis Increases Risk: Mistaking appendicitis for indigestion or food poisoning can delay treatment. Conservative management may be considered in select cases, but surgical intervention remains the gold standard for most patients.
Who Is At Risk Of Getting Appendicitis?
Anyone can develop appendicitis. However, your risks are greater if you have the following factors:
- Age: Between 10 and 30 years
- Gender: Slightly more common in males
- Family history: A genetic tendency may exist
- Diet: Low fibre, high-fat diets increase risk
When To See A Doctor And How Is Appendicitis Treated?
You should consult a general surgeon as soon as you experience symptoms — even if they are mild. Early consultation allows for imaging, monitoring, and elective treatment if needed.
The choice of treatment depends on whether the appendix is inflamed or has already ruptured. In most cases, surgery is the mainstay of treatment.
Antibiotic Therapy
Antibiotics may temporarily control infection for mild or early inflammation. Recurrence is common and many patients may eventually need surgery.
Laparoscopic (Keyhole) Appendicectomy
This is a minimally invasive procedure,. Using small incisions, it offers quicker post-operative recovery, less pain, and minimal scarring.
Open Surgery Appendicectomy
During open surgery, larger incisions are made. These are usually used for complicated cases or where the appendix has ruptured.
Learn More About Appendicitis
What Are The 4 Stages Of Appendicitis And When Should You Seek Help?
Options And Costs Of Appendicitis Surgery In Singapore
Appendicitis Myths And Facts: Learn The Truth
Comment: The row below to be moved to article for healthcare professionals article
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FAQs - Test Your Knowledge About Appendicitis
Appendicitis usually occurs when the appendix becomes blocked by stool, mucus, or swollen lymphoid tissue, leading to infection. Dietary patterns (especially low-fibre diets) may increase risk by causing constipation, which contributes to such blockages.
Despite popular local belief, there is no scientific evidence linking physical activity (such as running, jumping, or playing sports) after eating to the onset of appendicitis.
There is no guaranteed way to prevent appendicitis, but maintaining a high-fibre diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains may reduce risk.
An appendicectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix. In Singapore, it is commonly performed as a laparoscopic (keyhole) procedure, which allows faster recovery, smaller scars, and less pain. Open surgery may be done in complicated or ruptured cases. The procedure typically takes 30–60 minutes under general anaesthesia.
Most patients in Singapore are discharged within 1–2 days after laparoscopic appendicectomy and 3–5 days after open surgery. Strenuous activities (like sports or physical work) should be avoided for about 3–4 weeks.
The appendix is considered a vestigial organ, meaning it has no essential function in modern human digestion. Its removal doesn’t impair immunity or gut health in a clinically significant way. Some people report subtle changes in bowel habits post-surgery, but these are usually temporary or manageable.
Additional Resources
- Appendix Surgery | Dr Lee Lip Seng
- Appendix Removal (Appendectomy) Surgery Patient Information from SAGES | Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons
- Appendicitis – Symptoms and causes | Mayo Clinic
- Acute Appendicitis | SingHealth
- What Does the Appendix Do? | Healthline
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