A herniated disc, also known as a slipped disc or prolapsed disc, is one of the most common spinal conditions seen in adults. It happens when the soft inner part of a spinal disc pushes out through a crack in the tougher outer layer, pressing on nearby nerves. This can cause significant back or neck pain, numbness, or even muscle weakness.
In this article, we will explore what a herniated disc is, its common causes, symptoms, diagnosis process, and treatment options available in Singapore.
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What Is a Herniated Disc?
The spine is made up of vertebrae separated by spinal discs. These discs act as cushions that absorb shock and allow flexible movement. A herniated disc occurs when the inner gel-like center (nucleus pulposus) leaks out through a tear in the outer ring (annulus fibrosus). This leaked material can press on nearby spinal nerves, triggering pain or discomfort.
Herniated discs are most common in the lower back (lumbar spine), but they can also occur in the neck (cervical spine) or upper back (thoracic spine).
What Causes a Herniated Disc?
A slipped disc can result from a combination of factors, including:
- Age-related degeneration: As we age, spinal discs lose flexibility and moisture, making them more prone to injury.
- Improper lifting technique: Lifting heavy items with poor posture can place pressure on the spine.
- Repetitive movements: Occupations that involve frequent bending or twisting increase risk.
- Trauma or injury: Falls or accidents can cause sudden disc rupture.
- Obesity: Excess weight puts extra stress on the spine.
- Sedentary lifestyle: Weak core muscles can destabilise the spine, leading to disc problems.
Common Symptoms of a Herniated Disc
Symptoms vary depending on where the disc is located and how much it is pressing on the surrounding nerves. You may experience:
- Pain in the lower back, buttocks, neck, or shoulders
- Pain radiating down one arm or leg (sciatica)
- Tingling or numbness in the limbs
- Muscle weakness in the arms or legs
- Pain that worsens with movement, coughing, or sitting for long periods
Seek medical attention if symptoms persist or interfere with daily life.
Diagnosis of Herniated Disc in Singapore
Doctors in Singapore use several steps to confirm a herniated disc:
- Physical examination: The doctor checks your posture, reflexes, muscle strength, and range of motion.
- MRI scan: The most accurate way to visualise the disc and nerve compression.
- CT scan: Useful if MRI is not suitable.
- X-ray: Helps rule out other spinal conditions such as fractures or tumours.
- Nerve conduction tests: Evaluate how well electrical signals travel through the nerves.
These tests are widely available in both public and private hospitals across Singapore.
Treatment Options for Herniated Disc in Singapore
1. Non-Surgical Treatments
In most cases, patients recover with conservative treatments. These include:
- Pain relief medication such as NSAIDs or muscle relaxants
- Physiotherapy to strengthen core muscles and improve flexibility
- Rest and activity modification to reduce strain
- Heat or cold packs to ease inflammation
- Epidural steroid injections for severe or persistent nerve pain
Patients usually see improvement within a few weeks of consistent treatment.
2. Surgical Treatments
Surgery is considered if symptoms do not improve after 6 to 8 weeks or if there is significant nerve compression.
Common surgical options in Singapore include:
- Microdiscectomy: Removal of the herniated portion of the disc using a minimally invasive approach
- Laminectomy: Removal of part of the vertebral bone to relieve pressure
- Spinal fusion: Stabilising the spine by fusing two or more vertebrae (used in complex cases)
Recovery time varies, but most patients return to normal activities within a few weeks after surgery.
Cost of Herniated Disc Treatment in Singapore
The total cost depends on the severity of the condition, type of treatment, and choice of public or private care.
Estimated Costs:
Treatment/Service | Public (Subsidised) | Private |
Specialist Consultation | $35 – $120 | $120 – $250 |
MRI Scan | $500 – $1,000 | $1,200 – $2,000 |
Physiotherapy (per session) | $30 – $80 | $80 – $150 |
Epidural Injection | $800 – $1,500 | $1,500 – $2,500 |
Microdiscectomy Surgery | $5,000 – $8,000 | $20,000 – $30,000 |
When to Seek Help
Living with chronic back or leg pain from a slipped disc can significantly impact your daily life and work. If you’re experiencing persistent symptoms or muscle weakness, it’s important to consult an orthopaedic specialist early to prevent further complications.
Click the button below to get connected with an experienced orthopaedic specialist in Singapore for proper evaluation and care.
Contact MedicalTravel.asiaPreferred Orthopaedic Specialist (Upper Limbs): Dr Bryan Wang
Preferred Orthopaedic Specialist (Lower Limbs): Dr Ananda Vella
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