Endometriosis is a chronic condition that affects millions of women worldwide, including many in Singapore. Despite being common, it is often misunderstood, misdiagnosed, or overlooked altogether. Understanding the signs and symptoms of endometriosis can help you seek early treatment, improve your quality of life, and potentially preserve fertility.
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What Is Endometriosis?
Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the womb grows outside the uterus. This misplaced tissue can be found on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bowel, and other areas within the pelvis. Each month, it responds to hormonal changes just like normal endometrial tissue — thickening, breaking down, and bleeding. However, because it has no way to exit the body, it causes inflammation, pain, and sometimes the formation of scar tissue.
Common Signs And Symptoms Of Endometriosis
Recognising the signs and symptoms of endometriosis is key to early diagnosis and management. Here are the most frequently reported symptoms:
1. Painful Periods (Dysmenorrhoea)
Severe menstrual cramps that interfere with daily life are a hallmark symptom. This pain may worsen over time and is often not relieved by over-the-counter painkillers.
2. Chronic Pelvic Pain
Many women experience ongoing pelvic pain even outside of their periods. This may feel like a dull ache or sharp stabbing sensation.
3. Pain During Or After Intercourse
Discomfort during sexual activity is common, especially with deep penetration. This can impact relationships and emotional well-being.
4. Painful Bowel Movements Or Urination
These symptoms tend to worsen during menstruation and may indicate that endometrial tissue has affected the bladder or bowels.
5. Excessive Bleeding
Heavy periods or bleeding between periods can occur. Some women also report prolonged menstruation lasting more than seven days.
6. Infertility
Endometriosis is one of the leading causes of infertility. Around 30% to 50% of women with the condition may face challenges conceiving.
7. Fatigue And Low Energy
Chronic inflammation and pain can lead to ongoing fatigue, making it difficult to concentrate or carry out everyday tasks.
8. Bloating And Digestive Issues
Some women report bloating, constipation, diarrhoea, and nausea, especially during menstruation. These are sometimes mistaken for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Why Early Diagnosis Matters
If left untreated, endometriosis can worsen over time, potentially leading to complications such as ovarian cysts, adhesions, and infertility.
Early detection allows for better management through medication, hormone therapy, or minimally invasive surgery. It also empowers women to make informed decisions about fertility planning and lifestyle adjustments.
When To See A Doctor
If you are experiencing any of the above signs and symptoms of endometriosis, it is important to consult a gynaecologist. Keep a journal of your symptoms, menstrual cycle, and pain levels, as this can help your doctor make an accurate diagnosis.
Learn more: Guide To Finding The Right Obstetrician Gynaecologist In Singapore
Book An Appointment With A Gynaecologist In Singapore
If you suspect you may have endometriosis or wish to explore your treatment options, contact us for an introduction to a trusted specialist in Singapore.
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