Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of heart problems in Singapore and worldwide. It happens when the arteries that supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle become narrowed or blocked due to plaque build-up. Over time, this can lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, or even a heart attack. Early detection saves lives. When you screen for coronary artery disease, you can identify blockages before symptoms become severe and take preventive steps to protect your heart health. Below are the top three tests used in Singapore to screen for coronary artery disease.
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What Are The Top 3 Tests To Screen For Coronary Artery Disease?
1. Electrocardiogram (ECG) And Cardiac Stress Test
The Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Cardiac Stress Test are two fundamental, non-invasive ways to screen for coronary artery disease. These tests assess the heart’s electrical activity and its ability to function under stress, helping to uncover early signs of restricted blood flow.
How It Works
- Electrocardiogram (ECG): Small electrodes are placed on your chest, arms, and legs to record the electrical signals that control your heartbeat.
- Stress Test: You will walk on a treadmill or cycle on a stationary bike while your heart rate, blood pressure, and ECG are monitored. For those who cannot exercise, medication may be given to mimic the effects of physical activity.
What It Detects
- The ECG identifies abnormal heart rhythms, signs of previous heart attacks, and evidence of reduced blood flow.
- The Stress Test evaluates how your heart performs when it needs more oxygen. If parts of the heart muscle receive less blood during exertion, it suggests blocked or narrowed arteries.
Together, these tests form the first step to screen for coronary artery disease, offering quick insights into whether more detailed imaging may be needed.
2. CT Coronary Angiogram (CTCA)
For a more detailed and non-invasive way to screen for coronary artery disease, the CT Coronary Angiogram (CTCA) provides high-resolution images of your coronary arteries. This test is often recommended for individuals with moderate risk or for confirming findings from an ECG or stress test.
How It Works
A contrast dye is injected into a vein in your arm, and a CT scanner takes detailed 3D images of the heart and arteries. This allows doctors to view the presence, location, and extent of plaque build-up or calcium deposits inside the coronary vessels — without inserting any instruments into the body.
What It Detects
- Early plaque formation and arterial narrowing.
- Calcium scoring to assess the risk of future heart disease.
- Structural abnormalities in the heart and arteries.
Benefits Of CTCA
- Non-invasive and usually completed within 30 minutes.
- Highly accurate for detecting even small blockages.
- Helps identify patients who may benefit from further treatment or intervention.
If the CTCA reveals significant narrowing, your doctor may recommend a traditional coronary angiogram for further evaluation or treatment.
3. Coronary Angiography (Invasive Angiogram)
A Coronary Angiography is considered the gold standard test to confirm and evaluate coronary artery disease. It provides the most detailed view of your coronary arteries and is usually performed when previous screening tests indicate a high likelihood of blockage.
How It Works
A thin catheter is inserted through the groin or wrist, and a contrast dye is injected directly into the coronary arteries. Real-time X-ray images are then taken to identify areas of narrowing or blockage.
What It Detects
This procedure shows the exact location, size, and severity of arterial blockages. If necessary, treatment such as angioplasty or stent placement can be performed immediately to restore blood flow.
Why It’s Important
While more invasive than CTCA, coronary angiography allows doctors to diagnose and treat heart blockages in one session, providing both clarity and immediate care.
Why Screening For Coronary Artery Disease Matters
Many people with coronary artery disease do not experience symptoms until the disease is advanced. Routine heart screening tests can detect problems early — before they cause permanent damage.
You should consider screening for coronary artery disease if you:
- Have risk factors like high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, or smoking.
- Have a family history of heart disease.
- Experience symptoms such as chest pain, breathlessness, or unexplained fatigue.
Early detection through ECG and Stress Testing, CT Coronary Angiogram, or Coronary Angiography enables timely treatment and significantly reduces the risk of heart attacks and other complications.
Our Preferred Doctors (Cardiologist) For Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis And Treatment
[SG] Featured Doctor- Dr Kevin Koo
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Screen For Coronary Artery Disease In Singapore
A cardiologist offers comprehensive heart disease screening in Singapore, including ECG and stress testing, CT coronary angiogram, and coronary angiography. These tests are tailored to your risk profile and symptoms to ensure accurate diagnosis and peace of mind. Contact us for an appointment with a cardiologist to screen for coronary artery disease and for guidance on preventive care and treatment options.
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