Endometriosis is a medical condition that affects roughly 10% (190 million) of women during their reproductive years globally, yet it remains one of the most misunderstood health issues among women. If you have experienced ongoing pelvic pain, heavy periods, or difficulty getting pregnant, you may have wondered: what is endometriosis, and could it be affecting you?
In this article, we explain what endometriosis is, its symptoms, how it is diagnosed, and the treatment options available in Singapore.
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What Is Endometriosis?
Endometriosis is a chronic condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (the endometrium) grows outside the uterus. This tissue can be found on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, pelvic lining, and even the bladder or intestines. Unlike normal endometrial tissue, which sheds during menstruation, this misplaced tissue has no way to leave the body. Over time, it can lead to inflammation, scarring, and the formation of cysts.
What Causes Endometriosis?
The exact cause of endometriosis is still not fully understood. However, several factors may contribute to its development:
- Retrograde menstruation, where menstrual blood flows backward into the pelvic cavity.
- Genetic factors, as the condition often runs in families.
- Immune system disorders, which may prevent the body from recognising and destroying endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus.
Common Symptoms of Endometriosis
The symptoms of endometriosis can vary widely. Some women may experience severe pain, while others have no symptoms at all. The most common signs include:
- Pelvic pain, especially during menstruation.
- Heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding.
- Pain during or after sexual intercourse.
- Pain during urination or bowel movements, particularly during menstruation.
- Infertility or difficulty conceiving.
- Fatigue, bloating, and nausea.
If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to speak with a healthcare professional. Many women delay seeking help, often dismissing their symptoms as “normal period pain.”
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How Is Endometriosis Diagnosed?
Diagnosing endometriosis can be challenging, as its symptoms overlap with other gynaecological conditions. In Singapore, diagnosis usually involves:
- Medical history and symptom discussion.
- Pelvic examination.
- Ultrasound scans to detect ovarian cysts or structural abnormalities.
- Laparoscopy, a minimally invasive surgical procedure, is the most definitive way to diagnose endometriosis and assess its severity.
Treatment Options for Endometriosis in Singapore
While there is currently no cure for endometriosis, there are several treatment options available to manage symptoms and improve quality of life:
- Pain relief medication – such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
- Hormonal therapy – including birth control pills, progestin therapy, or gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists to reduce or stop menstruation.
- Laparoscopic surgery – to remove or destroy endometrial growths, adhesions, or cysts.
- Fertility treatment – such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF), may be recommended if endometriosis is affecting fertility.
Treatment is usually tailored to the individual’s symptoms, age, and desire to have children.
When Should You See a Specialist?
If you suspect that you may have endometriosis or have been living with unexplained pelvic pain, it is important to seek help from a qualified gynaecologist. Early diagnosis and proper management can significantly improve long-term outcomes and quality of life.
Learn more: Guide To Finding The Right Obstetrician Gynaecologist In Singapore
Book A Consultation With A Gynaecologist In Singapore
If you are looking for a trusted endometriosis specialist in Singapore, contact us today for an introduction to an experienced doctor who can help you get the care you deserve.
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